The Title work reviewed and renewed the Liquid Drop Model of atomic nucleus, which has a bearing in Nuclear Engineering. As per the studies conducted by ‘Krishi-O-Jalasampad Unnayan Society’, www.kjusindia.com, the institute, it was trending that the nuclear liquid drop is not at all of homogeneous density. But unlike a liquid drop there is a CORE structure at centre which is compact and consolidated and build by equal number of proton and neutron. The CORE is surrounded by several periphery zones (peel) with comparatively low to lower density trending. So, Liquid Drop Model is heterogeneous unlike a liquid drop. The mass number of CORE for nucleus of 92U-235 is evaluated to be 120. The outer most periphery of nucleus is of lowest density and this zone is the root zone for nuclear activity. The ‘Title’ is presented for topical conference at Dayton, OH, USA on April 27-30, 2026 organized by ANS and Dayton Research Institute on topic “Nuclear and Emerging Technologies for Space (NETS)2026 (submission number-10187).
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Application of ‘Modified Liquid Drop Model of Nucleus’ to Fissionable Nucleus
The Fissile Atomic Nucleuses in general possesses very Low-Density periphery. It is more porous compared to stable nucleuses and other radioactive nucleuses. The core zone of fissile nuclides is of maximum density (100%), which is surrounded by three low density layers of Peripheral Zone of P1, P2 and P3. The average peripheral zone densities are worked out as 87.43%, 9.37%, 1.68% respectively. The very low density at outer most peripheral zone and consequent voids accounts for instability of nucleus. The only safeguard for the nucleus against the instability caused by collision with outside particles (say, Neutron) will be the symmetry configuration of particle arrangement at peripheral level-P3, (outermost peel). A symmetric particle arrangement at P3 zone resembles to reflective surface for incoming particle (say neutron) and outside particles are not normally absorbed by nucleus such as for U-238 which has a symmetric configuration at Peel P-3. On the other hand, non symmetric particle arrangement at P3 resembles to pitted surface as in U-235. Incoming neutron particle can easily absorb in nucleus for initiating nuclear disintegration process and subsequent fission process if circumstances permit.
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Application of ‘Modified Liquid Drop Model of Nucleus’ to explain the unequal Fission Products
The fission of U235 yields two unequal daughter elements such as lighter fragments having mass number, A=90 (mass no. ranges 85-104), and heavy fragments having A= 140 (mass no. ranges 130-149). If the U-235 crack vertically, then there will have two equal fission fragments with around A=118.
The particle content of nuclear core as per Modified Liquid Drop Model of Nucleus is 120 and as per theory, the nuclear core is most compact and unbreakable. So, nuclear core with its nearby periphery zone will account for a mass number 136 (120+P2=16+P3=4) to 140 and is the heavy fragment of daughter products. Other peripheral zones just peel out from existing nuclear assembly to form other lighter fission fragment.
ANS (NETS)2026 (submission number-10187).
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